Yesterday, Bill Christensen of Technovelgy.com reported that the Russians have plans to construct a new space platform and have it in use by the year 2020. According to Christensen, there have been serious proposals for a “earth satellite vehicle program” as far back as the 1940s, but the first use of the term “space platform” may have appeared in E.B. White’s short story “The Morning of the Day They Did It,” published in the February 25, 1950, issue of The New Yorker. Christensen describes the story as “scary,” and, if I’m following my links correctly, elsewhere writes,

Absolutely first-rate story by White makes me think I completely misunderstood Stuart Little. A man who works on a Stratovideo plane in the nascent television industry writes the story of the end of the world. This story is so up-to-date you’ll whimper with fear by the end. Highly recommended.

Mercy! Well, I couldn’t resist an endorsement like that. I busted out The Complete New Yorker to have a look.
I won’t admit to whimpering, but the story is very well turned indeed. It’s got a few dated bits but not too many; Christensen has a point that it holds up well. (Good writing remains good writing.) It reminded me of nothing so much as 2001: A Space Odyssey, which I suppose is unavoidable. (If you’re wondering, Arthur C. Clarke‘s story “The Sentinel” was written a couple of years earlier but seems not to have been published right away.)
Just to enhance the mood, here’s a 1949 painting of a similar object by legendary fantasist Frank Tinsley:

The story is full of imaginative touches—the Americans invent a pesticide that accidentally kills off all the birds and the bees (except for the whooping crane, for some reason), and all human beings have to get a special injection every three weeks in order to ward off the poisons now in the food. The story features a TV studio in outer space and a character named Major General Artemus T. Recoil.
And the United States does end up destroying the world, but you know what?
We meant well.
—Martin Schneider